By Dr. Zainab Dambazau

Email:theonehealthmessenger@gmail.com

Introduction

Buruli ulcer is a neglected tropical, tissue-destroying disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, which primarily affects the skin and sometimes bone. It is most prevalent in rural areas of West and Central Africa, though cases have been reported in other regions, including the Americas, Asia, and the Western Pacific

What is Buruli Ulcer?

Buruli ulcer starts as a painless nodule or swelling that slowly enlarges before breaking down into a large ulcer, often on limbs. Left untreated, it can lead to scarring, joint deformities, and long-term disability.




How Does Buruli Ulcer Spread?

Scientists are still studying how Mycobacterium ulcerans is transmitted, but environmental factors and contact with contaminated water or wetland areas are suspected risk factors. Inadequate wound care and limited awareness also contribute to its spread.

How Can You Recognize the Disease?

Early signs include:
- Painless Nodule or Swelling: Usually on the arms or legs.
- Ulcer Formation: The nodule can break down, leaving a characteristic ulcer with undermined edges.
Limited Pain: The lesion may not hurt much initially, causing delays in seeking care.

How Can You Stay Safe?

-Early Detection: Seek medical attention if you notice painless swellings or unusual skin lesions.
-Proper Wound Care: Keep any skin cuts or abrasions clean and covered.
-Protective Clothing: Wear long sleeves, pants, and footwear when in or around wetlands.




What's Being Done to Help?

- Early Treatment: Combination antibiotics (e.g., rifampicin and clarithromycin) can help prevent complications (WHO, 2022).
- Community Education: Health programs focus on raising awareness in at-risk communities.
- Research: Ongoing studies aim to clarify transmission routes and improve prevention.

Final Notes
Buruli ulcer can be debilitating if not treated early. By recognizing symptoms promptly, practicing good wound care, and supporting research, communities can reduce the burden of this hidden threat.